Hamlet’s Astounding Success Essay - 1959 Words

Hamlet’s Astounding Success What secret formula did the playwright William Shakespeare use in the recipe for the tragedy Hamlet? Why, this play has been the rage for 400 years! Let’s analyze the reasons for its success. A.C. Bradley tells in his book of criticism, Shakespearean Tragedy, the extreme importance of the character of Hamlet to the rating of the play: Naturally then, the tragedy of Hamlet with Hamlet left out has become the symbol of extreme absurdity; while the character itself has probably exerted a great fascination, and certainly has been the subject of more discussion, than any other in the whole literature of the world. (94) In total agreement with Bradley are other critics, one†¦show more content†¦(99) There is no more exalted ranking than the above. Richard A. Lanham in the essay â€Å"Superposed Plays† maintains that no other English tragedy has generated the literary comment which this play has produced: â€Å"Hamlet is one of the great tragedies. It has generated more comment than any other written document in English literature, one would guess, reverent, serious comment on it as a serious play† (91). Robert B. Heilman in â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare† relates the high ranking of Shakespeare to the â€Å"innumerableness of the parts†: But the Shakespeare completeness appears graspable and possessable to many men at odds with each other, because of the innumerableness of the parts: these parts we may consider incompletenesses, partial perspectives, and as such they correspond to the imperfect (but not necessarily invalid) modes of seeing and understanding [. . .] . (10) Indeed, the reader finds a wide variety of â€Å"parts† from beginning to end of Hamlet. This is seen in the fact of over 20 characters with speaking roles; and in their variety of occupations from king to grave-digger; and in the 20 different scene changes; and in the differentiationShow MoreRelated Freudian Analysis of Hamlet Essay969 Words   |  4 Pagesmany places in the play to need specific reference, and is generally recognized. The latter is also manifest: Claudius says for instance (79), The Queen his mother lives almost by his looks. Nevertheless Hamlet appears to have with more or less success weaned himself from her and to have fallen in love with Ophelia. The precise nature of his original feeling for Ophelia is a little obscure. We may assume that at least in part it was composed of a normal love for a prospective bride, though the extravaganceRead MoreA Comparison of Hamlet and Mcmurphy in One Flew over the Cuckoos Nes2438 Words   |  10 Pageshis provocati on of the other patients. Its my first day, and what I like to do is make a good impression straight off on the right man if he can prove to me he is the right man, says McMurphy in an equally witty, yet less subtle passage then Hamlets comments about his mothers wedding. It is their behavior in the latter half of each story, that ties these two together. Revenge becomes a common prompt. For Hamlet, this is simply avenging his fathers death after much contemplation andRead MoreBiography of William Shakespeare2130 Words   |  9 Pageshad three children with her. Their daughter Susanna was born in May of 1582, and twins Judith and Hamnet were born in 1585. Shakespeare left Stratford in the 1580s to seek fortune in London, England (Chrisp, 2004). Shakespeare certainly found the success he was searching for when he began to produce plays. He learned to write by watching and performing in plays such as Thomas Kyd’s â€Å"revenge tragedy† The Spanish Tragedy. Although he had not gone to a University, his plays became popular because, as

The Influence Of Two Contrasting Economic Environments On...

P5: Describe the influence of two contrasting economic environments on business activities within a selected organisation. Introduction In this document, I will be describing the influence of two contrasting economic environments on business activities within a selected organisation. I will be writing about supply and demand, unemployment, inflation, government policies and GDP. Step 1: Demand and Supply Demand Demand is when customers are willing to pay for a product or service at a reasonable price. It is also the quantity of a good or service that the customers will buy at a certain price. When there is a high demand for a product or service, the price increases. When there is a low demand, the price drops to allow the product to gain more sales. The factors that influence demand are: Affordability: The affordability of a product is dependent on how cheap or expensive it is. When the prices of the goods that Sainsbury’s sell drop, they become more affordable to their customers. For example, if Sainsbury’s were to lower their prices of their goods during the recession, they will most likely increase their sales. Competition: If the products that Sainsbury’s sell are similar to products other supermarkets sell (e.g. Tesco), there will be competition on that particular product. Some examples of what the competition of the product relies are the price, choice (different types/versions of that product), and taste (food related). As Sainsbury’s faces a lot ofShow MoreRelatedDescribe the Influence of Two Contrasting Economic Environments on Business Activities Within a Selected Organisation1721 Words   |  7 PagesP5-Describe the influence of two contrasting economic environments on business activities within a selected organisation Within my selected organisation, Tesco, there are 2 important economic environments that have an influence on business activities. Both economic environments will have a different way on affecting Tesco. The economic environments are growth and recession. Economic growth occurs when more goods are being produced and consumed, and incomes are rising. A growth company tends toRead MoreP5- Describe the Influence of Two Contrasting Economic Environments on Business Activities Within a Selected Organisation3270 Words   |  14 PagesP5- Describe the influence of two contrasting economic environments on business activities within a selected organisation In this task I would be talking about the influence of two economic environments on business activities. So this could be how Sainsbury’s in the UK operated during the recession and the boom period. The UK is in the growth economic environment and this means the country was before in the recession economic environment and now it is growing. 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Strategies adopted by Global Steel-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Carry out a Critical Analysis and Evaluation of the Strategies adopted by Global Steel Manufacturers. Answer: Introduction The business corporation motives and goals are primarily limited to the home markets but the entity also has some internal or overseas operations to be executed. This has been considered as the main motive of a business organization for the establishment of the global strategies. The multinational, global and international tactics are designed and developed for enabling the business organization in attaining the pre-determined targets and the goals. The major goals which have been given the priority and is required to be essentially and effectively accomplished are the international expansion of the business operations (Lynch 2014). From the business perspective, the entity will be attaining a rapid boost in the sales graph and profits. The global strategy can also be proven beneficial for the business firm if the economic condition of the entity is poor in the home markets and global expansion is the only left opportunity for covering the losses and attainment of profits. The below- executed analysis has been made focusing on the growth and expansion strategies of Tata Group. The business entity is an Indian steel manufacturer which is headquartered in Mumbai Maharashtra, India and is a well-renowned subsidiary of Tata group. The group is diversified its business operations in various sectors such as Tata Steel, Tata Motors etc. and have a great market share all over the globe. Critical evaluation of Portfolio and integrated organization perspective The successful business organizations make strategic choices for the operations and the activities which are essentially required to be implemented or delivering the vision (De Wit and Meyer, 2014). These choices aid the business entity in developing the strategic portfolio decisions and which are liable and empirical in impacting the success of the organization. Moreover, these activities also include the functions such as enhancing the customers services, bringing growth or entering a region or market. The below presented is the critical evaluation of the portfolio organization perspective and integrated organization perspective: Moreover, top-down perception from a strategic bottoms-up viewpoint, both the approaches forms a key part of this concept (De Wit and Meyer, 2010). Enhancement in the efficiencies and competitiveness are the result of the seamless process integration which follows the chain formed respectively mine-to-manufacture-to-customer. The products and the services provided by the business entity were capable of managing and coping with the competitors. Installation of blast furnace at Jamshedpur Works was considered as a novel technique and which was developed for cooling down the blast furnace (Grinblatt and Titman, 2016). An addition of its 100th product to its portfolio was done by Tata Steel during the establishment of this crucial hollow section which was named as Celsius 420. An enhancement in the efficiency in the structure creation was observed due to the installation of this section and also a reduction in the expenses incurred and material usage. Innovation and development of produc ts, introduction of new brands, diversification in the products line and also an increase in the customer base and also cost reduction initiatives were made by the business corporation due to the intensification in the competitive environment from China and other multinational corporations (Peng, 2013). Additionally the business company likewise quickened the business and operational change activities and further the emphasis was given on the justification lastly it swung to occupy the attention on the improving the item blend and expanding fares to new districts and markets. The below mentioned are the merits and demerits of making use of Portfolio organization perspective: Merits This approach will also be aiding the business entity in minimizing and reducing the exposure to risks if any (Johnson, 2017). The portfolio perspective approach will also be allowing ta minimization in and reduction in the expenses incurred for operating the project and which will also be bringing a decline or elimination of duplicate efforts. Demerits There are very limited de-merits of this approach such as this approach will make the business corporation to lose the ability of the firm of impacting and stimulating the business in a positive way (Cummings and Worley, 2014). The presented are the benefits which will be attained by the business entity by utilization of the below mentioned approaches: By adoption of integrated organization perspective, the business corporation will be experiencing an enhancement in the transparency of information for allowing agility in decision and will also enable robust and future proofed systems (Peteraf, Gamble, and Thompson, 2014). From a recent survey, it was observed that approximately Rs 33 Crore within few months was found due on the process of implementation of the integrated perspective, the expenses incurred for maintaining workforce was also minimized from $200 to $140 per ton in the year 2000 and the inventory carrying cost also got a deflation from RS190 to Rs155. And hence it has been concluded that both the perspectives can be adopted in the business organization and gain maximum utilization of the systems (Lynch 2014). Technological and business model innovation through strategic alliances, MAs In the wake of obtaining the UK-based steel manufacturer Corus which is headquartered in London, the business company noticed that there is a requirement for joint effort of the business stage. This necessity was because of the workforce who is situated in assorted areas, in order to make them cooperate proficiently and viably. Microsoft SharePoint was the mechanism which was considered by the business corporation as very much relevant and used as a strategic way of developing knowledge, management of the workforce and also of the assets for the different organizations on the global level (Dashwood, 2012). This mechanism aided the workforce on a large scale, adoption of this platform helped approx. number of 80,000 workforce by sharing schedules, and store files in its MYSQL database. Moreover, this instrument also helped the association, in a manner of speaking, and besides, the best test went with the need of fortification in view of a generous number of workers and data set in the information system. Regardless, the conflict was taken care of when the organization attained DocAve support and restore. On the basis of the research executed by tata, (2016), it has been noted that a Global University Collaboration Program was launched by the Tata Group which led to the strategic partnerships between group corporations and leading universities all over the globe. For instance, the first alliance was formed in June 2016, which generated of about 5.6 million in funds which was offered for the prestigious University Fellowship scheme of Royal society, UK. In August 2016, financial support of $25 million was promised to top universities which included Harvard University, Yale University and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras. The following are the some of the technological innovations which has been introduced by the organization such as, the doors are termite proof, light in weight and are also designed in different sizes and shapes as per the requirements, colors and embossed designs or plain wood finish which has made them look natural wooden appearance (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). Steel and aesthetic value of wood is the two main components which have been providing the doors with an ultimate strength. And due to this, the doors do not require maintenance free and also will not be requiring any kind of protection or treatment for pesticides. The doors are also fire resistant which ensures safety and security. Moreover, the quick and easy installation process is one more advantage of this product and this also adds to the popularity of Pravesh Doors (Grant, 2016). These doors are also recyclable since they rarely wear out, environment-friendly and offer complete comfort to users in terms of price, qualit y, durability, and security. On the basis of the survey made by the Indiatoday (2017), it has been observed that the Tata group has added another protruding entity to its growing roster of international acquisitions. And this all will be done by the takeover of the two automobiles marquees Jaguar and Land Rover, the Tata group of $28.8 billion with 98 companies in its fold. Moreover, the corporation paid $12 billion for acquiring Anglo- Dutch Steel maker Corus. The business group has made three major mergers worth $13 billion in the last years. The business entity has also been facing number of cyclical swings due to number of reasons such as abundance limit development, fluctuations in the expenses incurred on security and which also accelerated the global economic crisis 2009 and this prompted a minimization in the request of steel all through the globe and all the more so in the development and automation (Lynch, 2006). Tata steel industry turned its regard for the inclination for cost skilled operations and resources with the motivation behind keeping its market organized recuperation. In the year 2009 nations like China and India encountered a progression in general economies which expanded the energy for steel among the attempts that requested were mining and transporting wanders, this made the costs of foul materials, for example, iron, coal, and scrap among others to produce quickly and Tata amass was besides immensely affected and to modify up to the issue. It has additionally been noticed that Tata group has extended the general security confine for unrefined materials by levels of 25% to 65% inside the accompanying couple of years, the social event made sense of how to stake 35% on Mozambique's Benga coal broaden Riversdale of which the organization has recognized on the agreement (Hatch and Cunliffe, 2012). This will make the prerequisite for coal as an unrefined material for the entity and which has been considered as critical; together with this the social affair has gone fur ther and got itself organize conveyance one envision from the New Millennium capital Corp. in Canada. These methods have given esteem sureness and moreover an objective purpose behind recovering the expenses from the customers (Avepoint 2017). On the preface of the cash related report 2014-2015, the operational execution was ominously influenced by the managerial occasions in the mining section. In light of the mine coal charge that was passed in the Rajya-Sabha on nineteenth march 2015, fragments of the mines stayed close causing a great deal of stress and agitating impacts in the consistent operations of the relationship regardless in spite of each and every one of those vulnerabilities the affiliation reacted unequivocally and is liaising with the diverse state governments on finishing documentation for the augmentation of the mining lease and guaranteed that the grungy materials were open and the time stretched out by 3% from the past financial years (Bender, 2013). In spite of the trial of surrendered people, the affiliation went up against a noteworthy measure of conflict from the South East Asia because of the Chinese expanded rate of section from the prior years of which the affiliation concentrates on cost sharing activities and downstream market strategy what's more the NatSteel a portfolio relationship of Tata steel in Asia controls the resistance from the Chinese by sourcing billets at focused costs starting great market can predict clients (Tata 2017). According to T.V. Narendran, managing director of Tata Steel India and South East Asia a number of initiatives were taken by Tata Steel which comprised of the green field expansion project in which the business entity invested more than Rs.25, 000 Crore, the Greenfield steel project in Kalinganagar in Odisha which has plans for further growth and development. The business entity has been facing financial issues at its European operations but then also the branches which are operated in India have got all the funds which are essentially required for operating the business activities that it requires from the Tata Steel board (trade.gov 2016), According to the author the business entity conceived a plant in 2005-2006 and there were issues of land acquiring and due to that there was a delay and could start only in 2010. The main reason for the delay was the increase in the cost which was approx. Rs.25, 000 crores in the first phase. The principal period of the venture of 3 million tons (mt) was charged in 2016. On completion of this venture, Tata Steel's current limit will increment from 10 mt to 16 mt. Tata as additionally think of another Iron making with a test hung on the HIsarna pilot plant at its IJmuiden works in the Netherlands that will enhance asset proficiency and increment the rate of iron creation. The business entity has made innovation in the product line and introduced new steel doors and whose Launch of Pravesh Doors was held on 16th July '14 at Contai. The doors were introduced with new technology in making the doors with several modifications and upgrades, for instance, a beauty of wood and the strength of steel. Corporate governance, CSR, sustainability, and leadership On the basis of the report which has been executed from the Tata steel corporate governance 2014-2015, the management has adopted the Guidelines referred by Tata Group on Board Effectiveness. For fulfilling corporate governance responsibilities towards stakeholders this approach has been adopted. The concept of corporate governance within the Tata Group has been segmented in two major divisions. Vision and purpose of the Business Corporation and Tata code of conduct. The business corporation is committed towards bringing improvements and advancements in the quality of the life of the society and this is done by striving for leadership and global competitiveness in the concerning business sectors (Tata 2017). The operations of returning to the society and earned by the entity have been developing trust among the consumers, shareholders, employees and the society. The business corporation has always been value driven which aids in the continuation of the growth and success of the Tata group. And the mission of the entity is to bring advancements and improvements in the life oof the societies in which the business is operated on an international level and by developing long-term stakeholder value creation which is based on leadership and trust. Moreover, the report is concerned about the ultimate authorities provided to the Board and processes kept in place for monitoring and evaluating the firms operations (Rothaermel, 2015). Aiding the board and assisting in the same is also one of the major features of the guidelines. Selection of board is done by The Nomination and Remuneration Committee and the principal capacity of this affiliation is observing on qualities, abilities, and experience of the Board all in all and its individuals with the goal of having a Board with various foundations and involvement in business, government, instruction and open. All together for the organization to adapt up to the general public a few boards have been set down, which function s for incorporating corporate social obligation panel and whose restrictions incorporate. For providing detail and prescribe to the Board, a Corporate Social Responsibility Policy shall: Indication of the functions to be executed by the business corporation as mentioned specifically in Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013; The expenses incurred on the CSR operations should be recommended (Lasserre, 2012); The CSR Policy of the business corporation should be monitored on regular basis. The group has a belief that corporate social responsibility is a critical mission that is at the heart of everything that it does. The business entity follows a commitment of integration of environmental, social and ethical principles into core business and which enables the group in enhancing the long term values of stakeholders and also enhancing the lives of over a quarter of the worlds population. The aim of the of the CSR programs is to be relevant in the terms of local, domestics and international which also keeps disadvantaged societies and groups in focus. This is based on the globally agreed sustainable development principles. Another board of trustees is the Risk Management Committee which plays out a few obligations i.e. key dangers in administering, including money related, participation and consistency chances that help the Board in surrounding, executing and observing the hazard administration get ready for the Company and assessing and directing the hazard strategy, creating hazard administration arrangement and also the system and structure for the business entity (Haynes, Nunnington and Eccles, 2017). The association moreover has procedures that help the agents in adjusting up to their regular daily existence instance of these courses of action fuses the retirement outline, re game plans this guarantees the laborers who have data, capacities and are capable on their work can be re-assigned to their positions (Thompson, 2012). The tradition of entrepreneurship and good governance has propelled Tata companies to gain leadership positions in several industries (Tata 2017). For instance, Tata Steel has been ranked in the top ten steel makers all over the globe, and the entity is also the second most geographically diversified steel producers in the world. Personal reflection Global manufacturing is the sector that has been serving in various regions all over the globe and the main variables of the concept are compatibility, configuration, coordination, and control. For being marketable the business entity has been making use of subsidiaries or agents or the organization. The business organization has been confronting a number of difficulties and are handled expertly so as not to demolish the notoriety of the organization. At the point when organizations join and frame collisions they both advantage and even the general public advantage from the partnerships in various courses relying upon the sort of association and they can advertise each other, test items and administrations. For development and growth, the strategic alliances can be in the form of merger and acquisitions. For building and setting up strategic plans, monitoring corporate performance, risk management plan and also for maintaining good governance with good and effective management the bo ard is held responsible and due to this, the firm will be able to attain its goals. Conclusion In the limelight of the above-executed analysis, it has been concluded that global corporate strategy and also the determination of the key strategic issues in the global steel manufacturing industry has been done. Moreover, the analyzed report comprises of the portfolio and integrated organization perspective approach and also the best utilization of the both the models for the business entity have been done. Further, the analysis also includes the explanation of corporate social responsibility and corporate governance is also done. References Avepoint, 2017, Case study, Tata steel satisfies share point backup and restore slas within Docave, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.avepoint.com/assets/pdf/case_study/Case-Study-Tata-Steel.pdf. Bender, R., 2013.Corporate financial strategy. Routledge. Capaldi, N. ed., 2013.Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility(Vol. 21). New York: Springer. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Dashwood, H.S., 2012.The rise of global corporate social responsibility: Mining and the spread of global norms. Cambridge University Press. De Wit, B. and Meyer, R. 2010 Strategy Process, Content, and Context International Perspective, 4th Edition, Cengage Learning. De Wit, B. and Meyer, R. 2014 Strategy, an International Perspective, 5th Edition, Cengage Learning. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Grinblatt, M. and Titman, S., 2016.Financial markets corporate strategy. Hatch, M.J. and Cunliffe, A.L., 2012.Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Haynes, B., Nunnington, N. and Eccles, T., 2017.Corporate real estate asset management: Strategy and Implementation. Taylor Francis. Johnson, G., 2017.Exploring strategy: text and cases. Pearson. Lasserre, P., 2012.Global strategic management. Palgrave Macmillan. Lynch, R, 2014, What is global strategy? And why is it important?, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.global-strategy.net/what-is-global-strategy/. Lynch, R. 2006, Corporate Strategy, Fourth Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall. Peng, M.W., 2013.Global strategy. Cengage learning. Peteraf, M., Gamble, J. and Thompson Jr, A., 2014.Essentials of strategic management: The quest for competitive advantage. McGraw-Hill Education. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Tata, 2017, Tata, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.tata.com/0_our_commitment/community_initiatives/tcci.html,. Thompson, G., 2012.The constitutionalization of the global corporate sphere?. Oxford University Press on Demand. trade.gov, 2016, Global steel trade monitor, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.trade.gov/steel/pdfs/07192016global-monitor-report.pdf. tata, 2016, The strategic alliances are built around a shared research vision, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.tata.com/article/inside/tata-group-universities-partnership. Indiatoday, 2017, Major overseas acquisitions by Tata group, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Major+overseas+acquisitions+by+Tata+Group/1/6221.html. Tata, 2017, Values and purpose, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.tata.com/aboutus/articlesinside/Values-and-purpose. Tata, 2017, Leadership, Assessed on 8th August 2017, https://www.tata.com/aboutus/articlesinside/Leadership.

Silvio Napoli Schindler Case free essay sample

Schindler is a Switzerland based elevator manufacturing company founded by Robert Schindler in 1874. Since its inception, the company has generated billion dollar revenues and is regarded as the technology leader in elevator manufacturing. Alfred N. Schindler, who is the 4th generation of the family to lead the company, has seen growth potential for the company in India and is attracted by the growing demands for elevators in that particular part of the world. After negotiations for a joint venture with a local Indian firm BBL has failed, Schindler decides to establish its wholly owned subsidiary in India. To lead the implementation of this plan Schindler has appointed Silvio Napoli, a Harvard MBA graduate as the head of the Indian subsidiary project. With the appointment of Silvio Napoli as the Head, several issues come up as the reality of starting up a new subsidiary in a country that is culturally different proves to be more challenging than what was initially anticipated. We will write a custom essay sample on Silvio Napoli Schindler Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From having to deal with the newly formed management team taking orders for customized elevators, which is not part of the business plan written out by Napoli emphasizing the sale of standardized elevators only, to not getting full support from the European plants in regards to the request for parts and design specifications for the elevators, implementation of Napoli’s business plan is proving to be more perplexing than initially planned. Such issues raise the questions of whether appointing Silvio Napoli as the Head of the project is the right decision and how Luc Bonnard, who is the vice chairman of Schindler, would evaluate Napoli’s performance on the project thus far. Was Silvio Napoli the right choice for general manager of Schindler’s India operations? Assessing whether Silvio Napoli was the right choice for general manager position will require looking at his strengths and weaknesses, accomplishments, as well as his compatibility with the new management team and the host country. In terms of professional qualifications, Napoli is no doubt the right choice. A Harvard MBA graduate with various accomplishments up his sleeve, Napoli has the necessary knowledge and experience to lead a new subsidiary. He reports directly to the CEO of Schindler and is the only â€Å"non-member to attend VRA meetings† (Fagan, Yoshino, Bartlett, 2006, p. 3), which are reserved exclusively for the corporate executive committee consisting of Alfred Schindler, Luc Bonnard, and Alfred Spoerri. In addition to this, Napoli has a proven success record with regards to the Swatch Project, which is the first major assignment that he took, in which he redesigned Schindler’s entire supply chain to bring costs down and increase profits as mentioned by Fagan et al. (2006, p. 3). In addition to this, since Napoli is the person who came up with this business plan, it may be best that he is the one who leads the realization of such plan. Moreover, although Napoli’s strict and demanding leadership style is often seen criticized for not being adaptive to the culturally different management styles of his newly formed team, it is effective in helping Napoli achieve the task at hand. As Fagan et al. (2006, p. 6) describes â€Å"Napoli expected things to be done yesterday, but in India things do not get done yesterday†. From this, Napoli’s bureaucratic leadership style is evident. According to Grayson (n. d. , Bureaucratic Leadership Style section) bureaucratic leadership style is most effective when you want things to be done precisely the way it is planned in an organized and timely manner. This means that such style of leadership is best suited for the task in hand at that time, as such tight control style of leadership has the ability to ensure efficiency in getting things done which in this case is to cut costs and increase productivity in the manufacturing of the elevators. Considering the partisan perspectives however, it also becomes clear that Napoli’s cultural and organizational background do not quite fit in with that of India’s which soon ends up leading to various cultural management issues within the newly formed subsidiary. To begin with, his Swiss-Italian background differs greatly from India from a cultural perspective. It goes without saying that the country of Switzerland, which is where the headquarter of Schindler company is located, lies on the opposite spectrum of cultural dimensions as identified by the GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness) Study when compared to India. This study was conducted with the intent of finding out the relationship between culture and leadership. And according to a review of this study by Hoppe (2007), the major premise is that â€Å"leader effectiveness is contextual, that is, it is embedded in the societal and organizational norms, values, and beliefs of the people being led. † This means for Napoli, whose leadership and cultural background being different from that of the management team he is assigned to lead, creates conflicts and undermines Napoli’s potential ability to lead effectively. This factor is reinforced when we look at the country clusters resulting from the findings of the GLOBE study (refer to Appendix A). It can be clearly seen that India belongs to the ‘Southern Asia’ cluster whereas Switzerland belongs to the ‘Latin Europe’ cluster. And these two clusters are on polar opposite ends of the ‘Humane Orientation’ dimension (Appendix A). What this means is that for someone like Napoli, who comes from an individualist society where individual achievements are regarded as high priority, it may be hard to realize the power and importance of interpersonal relationships. But for a manager in India, the role of human interactions is regarded as very important, and hence the high value on humane orientation and in-group collectivism for India. This mismatch in cultural management can hurt the team’s potential to achieve their intended objectives. This discrepancy in management style can be seen when Fagan et al. (2006, p. 6) mentions that â€Å"Napoli’s Indian staff and colleagues described him as driving very hard, impulsive, impatient, and at times over-communicative†, which contrasted sharply for his colleague and co-leader M. K. Singh, whom â€Å"one manager saw as friendly and easygoing. † In addition to this mismatch in cultural management, there is also incongruity in the kind of organizational environment that Napoli has to work in within the Indian subsidiary. As stated in the case by Fagan et al. (2006, p. 7), the employees describe the new Indian subsidiary’s company culture as â€Å"informal, open, responsive, and proactive†. And for Napoli this is not something that he is used to as back in the Swiss headquarters, the company hierarchy â€Å"was clear, politeness important, and first names rarely used† (Fagan et al. , 2006, p. 3). Lastly, the strategy to reuse the Swatch Project formula of having standardized products does not seem feasible given that the Indian market is completely different and customers demand different needs. With the intentions of segmenting the market into low-rise and mid-rise elevators and targeting to hit low-rise segment with the standardized products (refer to Appendix B for detailed Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning strategy for Indian subsidiary) Napoli has taken the approach to apply the existing values and strategies of the company into a predetermined business plan. This does not work as for the culturally different Indian managers as they prefer to incorporate the needs and demands of the general customers with focus on relationships before applying any practices All things considered, it can be said that Silvio Napoli was the right person for the job. But what the Schindler headquarters back in Switzerland should have done is before deploying Napoli to India to implement the start-up plan, he should have received some kind of cultural management training or support from the European parent company. Initial research into the workings of Indian culture should have been carried out in addition to the research on the Indian elevator market. Such training and research could have prepared him better and teach him to prioritize relationship orientation over task-orientation in a culture such that of India’s. How should Silvio Napoli have approached the nonstandard glass wall elevator situation? One of the major challenges that Napoli faces during the implementation of his business plan is the management team accepting an order for a customized nonstandard glass wall elevator. As stated by Fagan et al. (2006, p. 10) Napoli â€Å"was at first just surprised, and then pretty angry† about the situation. To Napoli, this is a violation of what is written in the business plan which all of them have agreed to commit. However, Napoli should not have reacted the way he did. The business model that he has built upon is based on the previous success and learnings of the Swatch project. The plan is to ensure short-term success for Schindler in India so that this can motivate continued operations further down the line. What Napoli fails to realize is that this approach does not fit in well with the Indian counterparts who hold more of a long-term orientation. To them meeting the needs of the domestic customers is regarded as higher than ensuring short-term success through the standardized product strategy. Therefore, instead of stubbornly continuing the standardized product approach Napoli should adopt the customization strategy as this will align with Indian culture’s orientation towards relationships which involve listening to the demands of the general public. Napoli should take note of what the customers want rather than strictly following his business plan, as the focus on standardized products does not give any flexibility, and it has been made evident through the first four orders that customers would not accept the products without customization (Fagan et al. , 2006, p. 10). It is not like Napoli does not know the need to adapt and adjust to the demands of the domestic market. He himself mentions that â€Å"to survive in India you have to be half monk and half warrior† (Fagan et al. , 2006, p. 6). What he means by that is one should learn how to embrace the monk part and learn to accept things that cannot be changed (Silvio Napoli Interview Video shown in class). Now if he embraces what he has said, and accepts the customization strategy there may be potential for increase in sales and positive turnaround past this particular obstacle. How would Luc Bonnard evaluate Silvio Napoli’s first seven month as the general manager of the India operations? What advice/feedback should he offer? Silvio Napoli’s first seven months have seen ups and downs. And in order for Luc Bonnard to evaluate and advise on the progress that Napoli has made several factors will need to be considered. Bonnard will need to assess the progress as per the business plan, the challenges that Napoli is facing and how he has planned to deal with them, as well as the performance and effectiveness of the new management team that Napoli has put in place. To begin with, Napoli has done a good job of putting together a cohesive and experienced pool of individuals for his management team. It is wise of Napoli to pick a group of experienced individuals who have the local knowledge and the know-how in their respective fields. On top of that, all of the 4 recruits for the management team are under the age of 55 (Fagan et al. , 2006, Exhibit 3), which is one of the favorable factors mentioned by Bonnard in his explanation for choosing Napoli to be the head of the India project. As mentioned by Bonnard, he needs individuals who are â€Å"young and flexible† (Fagan et al. , 2006, p. 4), and because the entire management team including Napoli is under 55 years old it is easier for them to be cohesive and work together on the same page. Hence Napoli has done a job well done on selection of his key managers for the India subsidiary as they are all compatible to one another. Furthermore, the fact that Napoli organizes meetings between his management team members help him run the company better as such meetings strengthen the communication within the team and make the new managers feel inclusive. However, these positive achievements are not without the accompanying negatives. For instance, as far as the progress as per the business plan is concerned, Napoli has not been able to achieve his targeted sales nor meet the initially targeted level of cost allocations. Now although some of the contributing factors are out of his hands, such as the price of elevator parts going up, Napoli could have had some kind of contingency plan set up in the business plan. His original business plan is also seen flawed as he fails to prioritize the need to meet the demands of the domestic market, and instead models his plan to aggressively pursue success through the low cost strategy. Rather than relying on engineering-based manufacturing Napoli should adopt a more customer oriented approach in dealing with the obstacle of customers wanting to have customized elevators as opposed to the standardized units that Napoli has proposed in his business plan. Moreover, it hasn’t been wise for Napoli to have to deal with both family and business matters. Napoli should have taken the initiative to establish the company first in India before bringing his family to relocate in Mumbai. The decision to bring the family during the early stages of company development is not an ideal one and is a mistake on Napoli’s part. In terms of advice, it should be suggested that Napoli review his original business plan and make necessary amendments to better fit the needs of the local market. He should stop relying on the practices adopted in the Swatch Project and instead do a thorough background research into India’s culture and amend his business plan. His new business plan should try to meet more realistic goals and adopt a customization strategy as this will satisfy the demands for customized products and have more flexibility on sales (refer to Appendix C for how Customers influence Schindler through Porter’s 5 forces analysis). According to a research paper on â€Å"A competitive model of customization with lead-time effects† by Xia N and Rajogopalan S custom firms are more likely to survive and succeed in markets with large potential, such as India. It is stated that â€Å"profit margin and price of the custom product are likely to be higher than that of standard products in equilibrium under certain conditions† (Xia, N. Rajogopalan, S. , 2009). Hence by learning how to adjust his behavior according to the customization needs instead of continuing his aggressive pursuit of success through low-cost strategy, Napoli will be able to generate more sales and establish a more relationship oriented supply of products. It is prominent that Napoli aims to meet customer expectations as this is the key to success. Instead of relying solely on standardized products to achieve break-even at the committed time, maybe Napoli should consider other methods to cut costs such as reducing the day to day operation costs. Last but not least it should also be advised that Napoli communicate the inefficiency in support from the European plants to the headquarters back in Switzerland as it is one of the influential factors (suppliers) affecting the success of Schindler’s operations in India (refer to Appendix C for 5 Forces analysis). As described by Fagan et al. (2006, p. 10) in the case Napoli feels the burden of being the middle manager as he faces the multiple demands form the Switzerland headquarters as well as from the newly formed Indian subsidiary. It is essential that Napoli gets the necessary support and cooperation he needs from his European counterparts to be able to effectively lead and run the India subsidiary. Conclusion In conclusion, although Silvio Napoli is the right person for this job certain cultural preparations should have taken place prior to his deployment in India by Schindler to avoid unnecessary difficulties. In addition to this, although the initially proposed business plan is partly successful Napoli will need to amend his plan including changes in the approach towards dealing with the customer demands, inclusion of contingency plans for unforeseen circumstances that are out of his control and flexibility in the sales approach. If these measures are to be taken it is no doubt that Silvio Napoli will be able to overcome any challenges, cultural or organizational, and institute a successful subsidiary for Schindler in India.

Big Bang Theory Essays - Physical Cosmology, Big Bang, Universe

Big Bang Theory Essays - Physical Cosmology, Big Bang, Universe Big Bang Theory Informative Essay 4-22-00 Freshman English 1 Big bang theory It is always a mystery about how the universe began, whether if and when it will end. Astronomers construct hypotheses called cosmological models that try to find the answer. There are two such models: the Big Bang theory and the Steady State model. Because of many observational evidences, the Big Bang theory best explains the creation of the universe. The Big Bang model postulates that about 15 to 20 billion years ago, the universe violently exploded into being, in an event called the Big Bang. Before the Big Bang, all of the matter and radiation of our present universe was packed together in an extremely hot, dense state. During the Big Bang, the matter and radiation of that early stage rapidly expanded and cooled. Several million years later, it condensed into galaxies. The universe has continued to expand, and the galaxies have continued moving away from each other ever since. Today, it has been observed that the universe is still expanding. The Steady State model says that the universe does not evolve or change with time. There was no beginning in the past, nor should there be any changes in the future. This model assumes the perfect cosmological principle; that the universe is the same everywhere on the large scale, at all times. It maintains the same average density of matter and energy forever. There is much observational evidence that proves the Big Bang model is more reasonable than the Steady State model. For example, the observed red shifts of distant galaxies. Red shift is a Doppler effect that occurs when an object, such as a galaxy, is moving away from the observer. The spectral line of the galaxy will have a shift to the red end of the light spectrum. The faster the galaxy moves, the farther the shift. If the galaxy is moving closer, the spectral line will be shifted toward the blue end. If the galaxy is not moving, there is no shift at all. However, as astronomers have observed, the more distant a galaxy is from Earth, the more red shifted it is on the spectrum. This means the further a galaxy is, the faster it is moving. This all implies that the universe is expanding, and the Big Bang model is more reasonable than the Steady State model. Another supporting piece of evidence is the radiation produced by the Big Bang. The Big Bang model predicts that the universe should still be filled with a small remnant of radiation left over from the original violent explosion. The almost instantaneous expansion would have sent strong short-wave radiation in all directions into space. In time, that radiation would spread out, cooled, and filled the expanding universe uniformly. By now it would strike Earth as microwave radiation. In 1965 physicists Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson detected microwave radiation coming equally from all directions in the sky, day and night, year round. This radiation is assumed to be the radiation that was produced by the Big Bang. This casts serious doubt on the Steady State model. The Steady State cannot explain the existence of this radiation, so the model is thought to be wrong in explaining the beginning of the universe. Now that the Big Bang model has been shown to better fit observational evidence, it can be explained in greater detail. Around 15 to 20 billion years ago, time began. The points that were to become the universe exploded in the primeval fireball called the Big Bang. The exact nature of this explosion may never be known. However, recent theoretical breakthroughs, based on the principles of quantum theory, have suggested that space, and the matter within it, masks an infinitesimal realm of utter chaos, where events happen randomly, in a state called quantum weirdness. Before the universe began, this chaos was all there was. At some time, a portion of this randomness happened to form a bubble, with a temperature in excess of 10 to the power of 34 degrees Kelvin. Being that hot, naturally it expanded. For a brief and short period, billionths of billionths of a second, it inflated. At the end of the period of inflation, the universe may

Censorship and First Ammendment Rights essays

Censorship and First Ammendment Rights essays Congress shall make no law... abridging the freedom of speech or of the press... So why is censorship such a big deal? Maybe because the time this was written you didnt have to worry about people expressing their thoughts with words like shit, fuck, or fag. What if those words are just your way of getting the point across? For example, which is more effective on getting people to be quiet and listen, someone yelling be quiet! or someone yelling shut the fuck up!!! Of course the latter is going to get peoples attention. One of the most controversial publicly expressed people would have to be Eminem. Most of his lyrics do have cuss words in them, but isnt that freedom of speech? Hes not going out in public and yelling these things on the streets, if you dont want to hear him, dont listen to him. You dont have to buy his CDs and you dont have to go to his concerts. Many of his songs do have a meaning to them. Like the song Cleaning Out My Closet expresses why he feels such strong dislike towards his mother. To some people they might listen to his music and relate. But because of some people personally not liking his music, message or not, they dont want his music heard. He writes for people to hear what he has to say. In this line from the song My Dads Gone Crazy Id rather... have pussy lips glued to my face with a clit ring in my nose then quit bringing my flows, so quit giving me my ammo, Cant you see why Im so mean? If yall would leave me alone this wouldnt be my M.O. I wouldnt have to go eenie, meenie, meinie, mo, catch a homo by his toe he gives a reason why he says what he says. He feeds off of the media and the public saying what they do about him. He likes to rap and society wont let him say what he wants, so he says t...

Ways of Knowing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ways of Knowing - Assignment Example Nevertheless, enlightenment cannot be exactly known without discussing it in the context of ignorance. When one is ignorant, one is pictured as extremely sensitive and vehemently opposing something without even realizing why. For example, one is into anarchism, or the condition where one is â€Å"unrestricted by man-made law† and believes that â€Å"all forms of government rest on violence† (Goldman 583). This is actually such a negative standpoint from which to proceed. Nevertheless, the ignorant are relentless in believing that â€Å"God, the State, and society are non-existent† (584). This they proclaim while contending that â€Å"the individual is the heart of the society† and that â€Å"society is the lungs which†¦keep the life essence† (584). How then can society be the â€Å"lungs† that keep the individual alive when in fact it had previously been declared that the society is â€Å"non-existent†? Thus, the ignorant do not realize that their principles are actually contradictory. Moreover, if the great French anarchist Proud hon states that â€Å"Property is robbery,† then I am not even entitled to own my physical body lest I be called a robber (584). Why then should anarchism be the solution to all the ills of the world when anarchism can in fact totally annihilate everything? The ignorant stops here and cannot answer such a question. This is the problem of having contradictions. Such contradictions may have only been a theory by Goldman but they made up the entire philosophy of Marx and Engels – the philosophy of communism, which was loosely based on opposition. Judging only from their own limited or ignorant points of view, the authors contend that opposition exists among the social classes: â€Å"†¦every form of society has been based†¦on the antagonism of oppressing and oppressed classes† (Marx & Engels 487). If such oppression did exist in

Crime and Punishment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Crime and Punishment - Assignment Example As a result, countries like America reflect increasing number of prisoners as recorded over the years. However psychologists are still continuing their researches on the causes of crimes and trying to decipher why individuals are entering the criminal justice system (Benson 2003). The basic roles of a prison system include: social isolation and confinement, repentance, punishment and deterrence, protection and reformation. A prison system leads to an isolation of the prisoner from the society such that the man’s violations of the legal system do not affect the lives of the common people. It is expected that he would repent on his wrong deeds if kept isolated. Also, with some pain and suffering, it would create some fears among the criminals. It is also the role of the prison system to protect the society from criminals which can be achieved through captivating the criminals. Reformation is the role that is focused on changing the attitude and mental condition of the individual s such that they do not repeat crimes (Bura 2012). Rehabilitation proves to be an essential role of the prison system since it is the prime motive of the justice system to rehabilitate the individuals who have committed crime. If rehabilitation is not focused, then bad people would only turn into worse. Instead, rehabilitation functions to restore the lives of the criminals by changing their mental condition, health conditions and their attitudes trying to prevent them from committing crimes again. Only then these individuals would be able to live normal lives once they are back into the society (Tanner 2012). Effectiveness of Prisons for Rehabilitation: The Present Day Situation: With the rates of punishment being increased and less focus being given on the resettlement needs of the criminals, the rehabilitation of the offenders in the prison system has become less likely to achieve in the present times. It is observed that most of the prisoners who are released are re-offending an d are taken back to prisons. This reflects the fact that the present day prison system is not proving to be effective in rehabilitating the prisoners and instead turning the mental state into worse through punishment measures (Cavadino 2006). Conclusion: Thus from the above study, it can be realized that although it is the role of the prison to make the criminals realize of their wrongdoings and rehabilitate them such that they can lead normal lives without affecting the society, yet in the present times the prison systems have proved not to be effective enough for rehabilitation of individuals, with their focus being more eon punishing the criminals and not correcting them as is needed. Task 2: Prison Does Not Work: Introduction: Prison punishments have been expected to prevent crimes and correct the mental attitudes of the criminals. Yet in the present times it is observed that prison overcrowding has become one of the major causes of concerns, particularly in countries like the A merica. Similar situation is observed in other countries as well presenting a doubt on whether the modern day prison system works or not (Big Question: Does the modern prison system work? 2013). Prison: The Dominant Form of Punishment: The use of prisons for punishing criminals had been into existence since over 200 years ago. Before

The Treatment of Heroes in Ancient Poetry and Modern Film Essay

The Treatment of Heroes in Ancient Poetry and Modern Film - Essay Example However, these solutions often leave a wake of destruction behind them. At the base of each man's soul is a deep-seated sense of respect for the tenets of honor and courage. One of these men is Odysseus, king of Ithaca. Agamemnon and Menelaus drag him away from his peaceful home, where he leaves his wife and infant son for a war that will take ten years, and a journey home that will take twice that, stories chronicled in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. The other is Detective Martin Riggs of the Los Angeles Police Department. The Lethal Weapon movie series shows how he tries to find and maintain a sense of personal peace while being pulled into chaos by criminal after criminal. Both of these men fit the description of the hero that has transcended time to become an idea that audiences all over the world have enjoyed since performance art began. The most dominant force in the hero is "competitiveness".1 The ancient Greeks loved athletic competitions, and it is no surprise that Homer's twin epics feature them: Odysseus must watch the games at Phaeacia before he is allowed to journey home, and Odysseus sets up a deadly contest in his own castle in Ithaca, ostensibly to give away Penelope to one of the suitors, but actually to trap all the suitors in his home. These are not just set-pieces used for plot purposes, however; the suitors in Odysseus' home while away the years by having contests of strength and agility virtually every day. In the example of Martin Riggs, the competition is somewhat different. While there are no athletic events in his story, he and his partner, Det. Murtaugh, go back and forth about the relative effects of aging on both of them, and they badger each other in a semi-humorous fashion about which one of them has better aim with a gun, can run faster to catch a criminal, and so on. Each of the movies in the series finds it climax in a hand-to-hand combat scene, using the competitiveness to build suspense within the audience. This idea of competition also appears in the 1959 classic Ben-Hur, where Judah and Messala engage in a friendly spear-tossing contest, aiming at a point where two wooden beams meet in the ceiling.2 Honor, and its attendant condition, fame, are also important to heroes across time. In Greek culture, the winner of a competition would receive "public acknowledgment of his superioritymarked by material tributes and gifts."3 This could take the form of gifts of land, sitting in honored seats, being given the best cuts of meat at feasts, among other honors. The central conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon at the beginning of Iliad is related to the king's prerogative to select the booty from a particular battle. At first, Agamemnon does not want to give back the Chryseis, the priest's daughter that he brought back from their previous war. Once Apollo's command becomes clear, however, Agamemnon gives her back, but only after taking Achilles' new prize, Briseis, from his tent. Achilles' anger over this lack of respect keeps him from fighting with the rest of the Greeks against Troy until Patroklos dons Achilles' armor and is slain in battle, and so the importance of honor and respe ct to the

Gender and Religious Discrimination in Islamic Countries

Gender and Religious Discrimination in Islamic Countries ANTHROPOLOGY: CONFLICT AND CULTURE Introduction Some of the vices of the society that were supposed to have been done away with ages ago are still so pronounced in the society today. There are some controversial cultural practices that continue to thrive even in this 21st century though have been passed by time: such includes the discrimination of the minority in the society. Its expected that with the development emanating form advanced science and technology, men should have developed parallel with technological advance hence overlook some destructive cultural practices based on myths proven scientifically to be wrong. This is not the case as religious and gender discriminations continue to deepen its roots in many cultures especially among the Muslims. This paper endeavors to unveil the evils of minority discrimination based on religious laws. The minority discussed in this paper are the religious and gender based in Islamic nations using a case study of Saudi Arabia. This study is based on a thesis statement that discriminatio n based on Religion and gender is pronounced and in continuity in Islamic based nations. The religious cultures are the sources of the controversies and minority discriminations. Discrimination The concept of discrimination has triggered much reaction in the society we live today because the adverse effects it has on the victims. Discrimination is the treatment taken against an individual or a group of people and based on category or class (Benton, 2007). According to the United Nations, discriminatory behaviors may take a variety of forms but all having a common factor: they include some form of rejection or exclusion. Any action that treats a group of people in an unfair manner because of their membership to a particular social group is discrimination (United Nations Cyber School-Bus, 2010). Minorities and Discrimination The minorities in the society are a group of people who do not constitute formulate the dominant majority of the total population in a given society. Minority group does not necessarily mean numerical majority, rather may include any group of people considered subnormal in relation to the dominant group of people in terms of wealth, employment, class, political power, education and social status (Traiman, 2006). The minority may also be referred to as the ‘subordinate group while the majority group may be referred as the ‘dominant group instead of minority and majority respectively. The term minority group is mostly used in reference of an ethnic group which may include: nationality, language, religion, gender and culture. Some other minority groups may include: The working minorities (unemployed and working poor, people with disabilities, age minorities who are older or younger than the typical working class and the sexual minorities (Lovelace, 2006). The commonality of the term ‘minority group is manifest alongside the discourse of collective rights and civil rights gaining prominence from the 20th century. Those who fall under the category of the minority group frequently fall prey to different treatments in the societies and the countries where they reside. The discrimination can be based on the individuals perception as belonging to the minority group failing to notice an individuals personal successes or occur indirectly based on the social structures that do not offer equal opportunities to the entire subject. Those who belong to the categories of the minority groups are often identifiable while tabling of complains of maltreatments and demanding for equal rights (Lovelace, 2006). Religious Discrimination: Saudi Arabia case study The focus of this paper is to look into the minority groups in the Islamic nations and how they are discriminated by the society and the governing laws within their nations. The two major categories of minority groups within the Islamic culture are the religious minority and gender minority: women. One of the most established Islamic states of the world is Saudi Arabia; though our focus is the Islamic culture in general most of the examples shall be obtained from the monarchy of Saudi Arabia. The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is governed by Sharia laws that are derived from the Holy Quran. The kingdom has no legal protection in relation to freedom of religion hence no authority offers such protection to the minority groups: those who do not profess the Islamic religion such as the Christians and the Buddhists. The requirement of the Sharia law is that all people should be Muslims. The government does not condone a public practice of non-Muslim religions, in fact its illegal. The non-Muslims are only allowed to conduct their worship in private. Nevertheless those limited rights are not always respected and contravention does not necessarily carry a lot of weight (International Labor Office, 2007). The kingdom of Saudi Arabia has a population of about seventeen million with about seven million foreigners. The foreign population includes about 36,000 Americans, 40,000 Eritreans, 130,000 Sri Lankans, 150,000 Lebanese, 250,000 Palestinians, 800,000 Filipinos, 800,000 Egyptians, 900,000 Pakistanis, 1 million Bangladeshis, and 1.5 million Indians. Of the entire population in the Saudi society, the majority are Muslims with minority Christians, Buddhists, Hindus, and Jews. There are very few of the foreigners who are Muslims. There is a high degree of cultural homogeneity as well as high social stratification (Federal Research Division, 2004). The freedom of religion does not exist, Islamism being the official religion; all the citizens are required to be Muslims. The government is an Islamic monarchy declaring Prophet Muhammads Sunna traditions to be the governing constitution. The government is fully conservative observing the precepts of the Quran to govern the country. The government as well as the society do not allow for any separation between the government and religion. The Muslims societies are allowed to adjudicate their legal issues using the Shia Muslims traditions. This is at the expense of the minority groups who are not Muslims since they are judged according to the Muslims laws: this becomes unfair since the non Muslims are not versed with the basic knowledge hence may contravene the laws out of ignorance. On the same note the non Muslims do not enjoy the Christian festivals and holidays since the only permissible public holiday is Eids, Eid Al-Fitr done as a wrapping up of Hajj (International Labor Office, 2007). The religious minority suffers in that the system of education is based on the Islamic laws. Some other religious teachings such as Christian religious Education are not provided for, the parents and guardians have to organize for tutorial classes to teach their children the basics of their religions. Those who have attempted to advocate for some forms of democratic systems or criticized or written opposed the Islamic administration have faced the Sharia law some being imprisoned while others have faced reprisals. The minority groups pay the revenues to the government which is used in the establishment of Mosques. The government also uses collected revenues to pay the Imams who are the prayer leaders and the other mosque employees though it does not permit the establishment of churches (Abir, 1993). The jurisdiction in the legal system treats the majority, Muslims, unequally to the minority: other religions. For example the retribution sort for blood money varies from that of a Muslim man from that of a member of the other religions. The blood money payable to a Christian man is half that of a Muslim man. The members of the other religions are valued 1/16th of a Muslim man (Saudi Arabian Government and Law). Gender Discrimination The acuity of the womenfolk as a minority group facing discrimination has been publicly debated from time immemorial. The concept of gender discrimination is based on belief that women are a lesser sex in the society. Its generally propagated by attitudes and beliefs concerning the gender of a person. The attitudes and beliefs are social nature normally not carrying legal consequences. The treatment of women varies from one society to another and from institution to another (Tofilon, 2005. The advance in development continues to provide for more opportunities for women. Though not many societies have managed to achieve a level of equal rights for all people despite of their gender, the Islamic based countries do not even make the initiative to provide equal opportunities for all. Gender discrimination can arise in different settings. The discrimination may involve an employee being asked some discriminatory questions in job interviews or while working: if a woman presents herself as a Chief Executive Officer of a given company others may doubt her ability to run such a position based on cultural beliefs that a woman ought to take less task positions not such which involves the control off the entire company. Such cultural beliefs have been impacted on women to an extent that some have accepted the position as a reality of life. Unfair discrimination of women follows gender stereotypes that are held by the society (Hyde, 2005). Gender Discrimination in Saudi Arabia The discrimination of women as the ‘minority group is most pronounced among the practitioners of Islamic religion though also very evident in other societies such as in America: it was identified that more than half of the masters degree programs are offered to women though this is not reflected in the management of organizations; over 95% of senior management positions in organizations remain occupied by men (U.S. Glass Ceiling Commission, 1995). In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia gender discrimination is so pronounced in almost all circles. The greatest challenge in pursuit of gender equality in this monarchy is faced owing to the fact that not many including the womenfolk are willing to see change; many are contented with the status quo. This is chiefly because the discriminations are not perceived by the women since its based on the laws of God: Sharia from the Holy Quran, to them God ordained men to rule as women serve the men (Kline, 2005). Despite the fact that about seventy percent of those enrolled in universities are women only five percent of the workforce is composed of women, 95% of workers are men. This ratio is the most unusual in the world. Any attempt to increase womens opportunities in the working force has faced pronounced resistance from without the government (men citizenly and religious police) and within the labor ministry. The position of a woman is at home according to the Saudi peoples cultures and Islamic religion. Most of these cultures state that a woman was created to take care of her husband and family. The segregation for this minority group is continued even to the home settings where there are some special doors that are set mens usage. In Saudi Arabia women are prohibited even from driving cars and those who drive do it out of contravention of the law, they are very few for not many husbands would allow their wives to drive. They are allowed to fly aircrafts but have to be chauffer driven to the airstrips (Kline, 2005). Women in Saudi Arabia are not even allowed to contend for political positions. They are just allowed to vote. The discrimination of women among the Islamic nations is not only manifest in Saudi Arabia, in Iran there is no much difference; there are so many rights that women are denied from accessing based on the Islamic religion. If a Muslim man commits adultery with a Muslim woman he receives a penalty of 100 lashes, but if with a non Muslim woman there is no provision of the punishment involved. If a non-Muslim man commits adultery with a Muslim woman the penalty is death sentence. Iran law allows a Muslim man to marry a Muslim woman but a Muslim woman can never be married to a none-Muslim man (FIDH report, 2003). Conclusion The discrimination of people in todays society based on beliefs and practices that can not be proven has received vast criticism from many circles. With the current advance in scientific and technological advance its expected that most of the cultural myths that continue to thrive in the society should have been done away with along time ago, but this is not the case. Minority discriminations based of cultural beliefs are so evident in many circles of life especially in the Islamic religious societies. Religious decimation against the minority and gender discrimination are so pronounced in Muslim societies. The minority groups continue to encounter massive challenges in an attempt to fit in these societies. The Saudi Arabia Kingdom which is our case study is a monarchy run in accordance with Islamic religious ethics. The constitution of this monarchy is based on Sharia form the Quran. The greatest percentage of Saudis citizens is Muslims hence all the rest fall under the category of minority group subject to various minority discriminations. Women in the society from time immemorial receive a different perception and treatment by the society. This is based on the belief that they are a weaker sex; the Islamic nations have not been left behind in unequal treatment of women. The paper has outlined the various religious and gender discriminations especially in Islamic based states using the case study of Saudi Arabia. References Abir, M. (1993). Saudi Arabia: government, society, and the Gulf crisis. New York, NY: Routledge. Benton, A. J. (2007). Are Your Genes Protected: Federal Legislation and Genetic Discrimination: The Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, Iowa City, 10(2), 285-311. Federal Research Division. (2004). Saudi Arabia A Country Study. Montana: Kessinger Publishing. FIDH and the Ligue de Dà ©fense des Droits de lHomme en Iran. (2003). Discrimination against religious minorities in Iran, Paris – France. Retrieved on January 23, 2010 from: http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/ir0108a.pdf Hyde, J. S. (2005) â€Å"The Gender Similarities Hypothesis†, American Psychologist, (International Labor Conference); 96th session, I (B). Publisher International Labor Organization. International Labor Office, (2007), Equality at work: tackling the challenges: global report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work International Labor Office Series Volume 91; Volume 96 of Report (International Labor Conference) Report. Publisher International Labor Organization. Kline, J. (2005). Ethics for international business: decision making in a global political economy. New York, NY: Routledge. Saudi Arabian Government and Law. Retrieved on January 23, 2010 from: http://www.jeansasson.com/law_and_government.htm Tofilon, L. (2005). Masters of Discrimination: Augusta National Golf Club, Freedom of Association, and Gender Equality in Golf. The Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice. Iowa City: Fall, 9(1), 189-20. Traiman, L. (2006). Guidelines but No Guidance: GaySpermBank.com vs. FDA. The Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice. Iowa City: Spring, 9(3), 613-623. U.S. Glass Ceiling Commission. (1995). â€Å"Glass Ceiling Commission A Solid Investment: Making Full Use of the Nations Human Capital A Solid Investment:† Making Full Use of the Nations Human Capital. Retrieved on January 23, 2010 from: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1117context=key_workplace United Nations Cyber School-Bus. (2010). What is discrimination? Retrieved on January 23, 2010 from: http://cyberschoolbus.un.org/discrim/id_8_ud_print.asp

Mexican American Borderlands and The Caribbean

The negative side effects of tattoos Tattoos are permanent pictures or designs on the skin, pricked and stained with indelible dyes. They contain mainly industrial organic pigments with high microbiological impurities load. Tattoos are body arts. In our society today, tattoos have Increase In popularity among all ages but most prevalent among the adolescent and young adults.Reports have shown that the Increase in the adolescent involvement in tattooing is fuelled by peer pressure and their quests to belong to certain groups or to be accepted. (A. E Almsman Pl). This makes them not to consider the hazards that are associated with it. In this essay, I will be investigating the negative side effects that are associated with tattoos such as how society view people involved, common health risk and Flanagan hardships. According to Anne E.Almsman of Fingers School of Medicine and North Western University, tattooing has been associated with high-risk behaviors such as sexual intercourse, bin ge ringing, smoking, marijuana use, fighting, gang membership, and truancy and school failure. (A. E Almsman P 2). Many health professionals also, associate body arts with criminal activity or psychiatric disturbances. Tattoos are viewed in our society today as unprofessional and offensive. It can reduce an employment opportunities. For example, you cannot be a recruit of the military If you have offensive tattoo on your neck, above. r on any obvious part of your body that suggest gang membership. Furthermore, excessive tattoos may be a form of self-harm. There is usually ins during the procedures and while the tattoo and is healing. Tattoos from most commercial tattoo parlors are associated with infections, including potentially deadly infections like stash, tetanus, hepatitis B or C, and HIVE. Other side effects include; acute Inflammatory reactions caused by physical tissue injury and Injection of pigment dyes, excessive and unsightly scarring, nerve damage, allergic reactions an d sometimes uncontrolled bleeding. MEMBER reports) Furthermore, tattoos can cause misdiagnoses or interference with medical procedures like Mrs. (Robert Prepaid 2). Also because of the risk of infection, one will not be able to donate blood for at least a year after having tattoos for the risk of infections. It cost a lot of money to do tattoos and take care of it during the healing process. From a survey I conducted, an average tattoo studio cost about a $100. 00 per hour. Think about spending more than three hours. In addition, removing tattoos can be expensive and painful, and usually does not leave the area looking completely healed.In conclusion, getting tattoos poses a read health risk that can lead to infections or even attracting HIVE and those involved are mostly associated with negative criminal activities and high-risk behavior. . Anne E. Almsman Epidemiology of tattoos and piercing . Legislation in the United States Robert Prepaid; Publication on Medicine plus Health Day , American Academy of Dermatology, â€Å"Tattoos, Body Piercing, and Other Skin Adornments† www. Monoclinic. Com, Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MEMBER) â€Å"Tattoos: Understand risks and precautions† http://www. Tenement. Com/ teen-issues/piercing-and-tattoos. HTML

Horses: Poetry and Edwin Muir Essay

It is said that one should forget the past and live in the present. However, Edwin Muir’s ‘Horses’ is a poem of past memories only. The interesting part is that it deals with many conflicts and issues which are prevalent even today. It is thus a bridge between the past and present and is expressed in the form of a piece of literature. Muir himself said that in writing about horses in this poem, he was reflecting his childhood view of his father’s plough horses, which must have seemed huge, powerful and mysterious to a boy of four or five. Some of his poems, including ‘Horses’, have a close equivalent in passages from his autobiography, suggesting that seeing these horses reminded him of certain events. The poem begins with the poet transcending reality and reminiscing of one of his childhood memories. In this case it is one of when he as a child, watched a team of horses ploughing the stubble back into the field, during a rainy day which got progressively stormier. In the first two verses, the poet gives the reader a meaningful hint into what the circumstances of his times were. This was most probably, the hardships of a period of war. The few references Muir makes to an army such as in cases where the horses â€Å"marched† and the word â€Å"conquering† further strengthen this issue of war. â€Å"Their hooves like pistons in an ancient mill† This line brings up another issue which is plaguing the third world as we know it. In the same verse he refers to a â€Å"childish hour† in which he also compares the horses’ hooves to pistons in an ancient mill. This refers to how child labour in factories was existent even then and how these dark memories were etched in his mind. We can suggest these memories to be dark not only by his imagination but by the â€Å"fearful† way he sees these images of the past. Under the â€Å"great hulks† of these creatures he sees is however another truth. The way these symbols of â€Å"power† trod, allows the reader to infer another thought.

Five Ways to Meet Deadline When Life Gets Crazy-Busy

Five Ways to Meet Deadline When Life Gets Crazy-Busy Whether penning a novel, a blogpost, or a magazine article, most writers work on deadline. But even with a due date, it’s easy to focus on life’s more pressing matters. After twenty years as a working scribe, I’ve discovered a few tricks to keep my productivity on track. 1. Schedule an appointment If we were in an actual office meeting, we would not be answering the phone, replying to e-mails, or folding laundry. We can use that same mindset to stay focused while working from home. Each day, set aside a specific time for writing. Block that time on the calendar as if it is for an important meeting, and allow no interruptions. 2. Maintain a Detailed Goal List Corporate employees are expected to write goals and report progress. We can follow that same strategy. First, we need to create a list of goals, assigning each to be completed   Ã‚     Week   Ã‚     Month   Ã‚     Quarter   Ã‚     Year Then we must don our †boss† hat and hold our â€Å"employee† accountable. It helps to keep a Daily List, too. Each night, select specific tasks to be accomplished 3. Find an Accountability Partner Teamwork! It’s very important to build a relationship with at least one trusted writing partner. Share monthly goals, set regular check-in times, and press for the best from one another. For those who don’t have such an acquaintance, consider joining organizations such as Romance Writers of America, American Christian Fiction Writers, Society of Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators, etc. Many communities offer an arts council or writers organization, and libraries may host events, too. National Novel Writing Month is another excellent source of encouragement, with perks such as local Meet-Ups, daily wordcount check-ins, and more. 4. Go High-Tech Many online tools can boost productivity. For example, a service called Focusmate allows users to share a virtual cubicle of sorts. Each user schedules a 50-minute session during which assigned partners work quietly while they can see one another onscreen. Calendar apps can save time Brainwave apps use binaural beats to increase focus, attention, and productivity. Basically, users tune in to an online station, listen to specifically formulated music, and voila! The choices are endless, so it’s best to search â€Å"brainwave app† on the selected device and find the best fit. Voice dictation apps allow us to turn speech to text. This maximizes time spent in carpool lines, and it frees us from our desks. Google and Apple each offer a free and reliable voice-to-text service, while Dragon charges a fee and requires a bit more time investment on the front-end. 5. Earn Rewards We are all wired to work for rewards, but one of the best things about being the boss is that we control the reward system. When we add a new chapter, for example, we may earn a walk outside or a chat with a friend. But a finished novel may earn us a new piece of art or a weekend getaway. The greater the accomplishment, the greater the reward. And that keeps us coming back to the page. How do you keep your writing goals on track? Share your productivity ideas and let’s keep the conversation going via Facebook or Twitter.

How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Essay Example

How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Essay Example How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Paper How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Paper Essay Topic: 12 Angry Men Literature Throughout the play Twelve Angry Men, the author Reginald Rose uses multiple dramatic techniques to establish and maintain a sense of tension. In this essay, I will analyze these techniques and suggest how they make the storyline so effective. Reginald Rose bases all of the tension and suspense around the social and historical context of the era. At the time, Americans are concerned with the huge influx of immigrants and there is a great deal of racial tension between Juror 11 and the other jurors. Each separate juror has their own background, personality and morals and inside the jury room we see how they react to each other and the dynamics of the group. On the face of it, the case put forward to them seems clear cut, but the arguments which evolve from the individual differences between each juror completely change the final outcome. Although a plot which is set in one singly location throughout its duration seems dull, Rose has used a small but particular set of techniques to mould Twelve Angry Men into the play it is and eventually produce one of the most thrilling pieces of literature of the past century. These techniques include: the set, the weather outside, stage directions, contrasts of changes in mood and tone, gesture, conflicts and alliances between jurors and the backgrounds of each juror. All of these are used at least once to demonstrate the atmosphere and growing tension inside the jury room. The play opens to an empty stage with the judge issuing his final orders to the jury. They must deliberate honestly and thoughtfully but also with a good conscience. The ruthlessness of the situation is immediately made clear when the judge reveals that the death sentence is mandatory in this case and that the bench will not entertain a recommendation for mercy. Rose has implemented tension almost immediately and this proves to have a great effect on the audience. The brief pause which follows indicates the jurors have suddenly realised the severity of the situation which they now find themselves in. The words I dont envy your job are another indication of this. Rose has very deliberately done this as if to emphasise the words of the judge. With nothing else happening on stage, the audience will take in and understand his words as if they were the jurors themselves. Then tension has already been transferred from the stage to the audience a technique that brings a sense of realism to the play. The audience are suddenly feeling the tension and grave responsibility resting on the shoulders of the jurors. Juror 7 who seems to be the least concerned about the case in hand and more worried about a baseball match he is meant to be attending begins to diffuse this tension by offering a fellow juror a stick of gum. This signifies the contrasting attitudes towards the case inside the room and as far as an opening line goes, it suggests that the rest of the play may take a more laid back attitude. So within two pages, we have already experienced two twists that Rose has intentionally used to generate a sense of tension and uncertainty. Throughout Act One, Juror 8 emerges as the stand out character in the play. His arguments and disagreements with Juror 3 become a focus of not just the Act but the play as well. And as Juror 8 begins to persuade more of the other jurors that the boy on trial may be innocent, Juror 3 struggles to hide his frustration until tensions boil over at the end of the Act. Juror 3 has unintentionally divulged that he has a son similar to the boy on trial. He says: Ive got one (a son). Hes twenty. We did everything for that boy and what happened? When he was nine he ran away from a fight. Well, I made a man outa him all right. When he was sixteen we had a battle. He hit me in the face. Hes big, yknow. You work your heart out. This is a vital moment in the play. Suddenly, the whole background of one of the jurors is clouding the discussions which are taking place. Juror 3 envies his son and seems determined to take revenge on the boy on trial who he views as a similar boy to his son. The tension built up by this is intense and reflects on the other jurors. A spat between Jurors 10 and 5 breaks out as a result of the growing tension inside the room. And as Act One draws to a close, Rose demonstrates that tension is rising to the point of brinkmanship. Juror 3 rants: Shut up, you son of a bitch! Let go of me, God damn it! Ill kill him! Ill kill him. Juror 8 pounces and says: You dont really mean youll kill me, do you? The tension here is considerably higher than the rest of the play. A clear rivalry had broken out between two of the jurors and their fierce arguments take centre stage. Rose is using conflicts between jurors as a key technique in creating tension in the play. Act Two begins almost oppositely to how the proceeding Act ended. The other Jurors are trying to diffuse the tension in the air, and Juror 12 sheepishly kicks-off discussions again. Jurors 3 and 8 seem to disappear into the background after the climax in tension moments earlier. Despite watching from a distance for most of the play, the fierce discussions between Jurors 3 and 8 have rubbed off on the other jurors. They are snappier and seem on edge. Juror 7 sarcastically criticises Juror 6: Great idea. Maybe we can follow this one up with dancing and refreshments. This unpleasant atmosphere is reflected in the stormy weather outside another technique which creates tension that Rose has used to great effect. Even when proceedings return to some degree of normality, the regular ballots which are held maintain some level of tension. These also constantly remind the reader of where the jury stand on the case and this is a ploy by Rose to deliberately create this effect. Whereas at the beginning of the play, all the jurors were reasonably polite in their discussions with each other, small arguments start to crop up. The depressing atmosphere of the case has made an impact on the jurors themselves and the very civil deliberations have broken out into disorderly ramblings. Another technique used to create tension is when certain characters talk to each other about the case away from the rest of the characters. Like Juror 3 and Juror 8 made enemies of one another, soon the alliances which have been formed become clear in the deliberations. A good example of this in Act Two when the Forman and Juror 8 begin to talk about the incessant rain which is pouring down outside. Juror 3 meanwhile is gaining support from Juror 4 who still insists that the boy is guilty. These alliances are a focal point of the play and they contribute huge amounts to the tension. As each ballot is called, the numbers on each side change and so do the rivalries within the group. Juror 7, for instance, seemed convinced that the boy was guilty until he is eventually persuaded otherwise. The tension of the play reaches a non-stop crescendo as the storyline draws to a close. Just one Juror, Juror 3, is still in favour of a guilty verdict and he says: I dont care whether Im alone or not. Its my right. Do you think Im an idiot or something? You lousy bunch of bleeding hearts. Youre not going to intimidate me. Im entitled to my opinion. I can sit in this goddamn room for a year. From that moment on, it looks as if the Jury will not be able to reach a unanimous verdict. The story looks like having a disappointing ending, until a dramatic, sudden twist that not even the most learned audience members would have been expecting. Rose performs the most audacious of U-turns with suspense as much as tension and suddenly Juror 3s resistance is broken. And his backtrack comes as even more of a surprise after this bold statement: It was his father. That goddamn rotten kid. I know him. What theyre like. What they do to you. How they kill you every day. My God, dont you see? How come Im the only one who sees? Jeez, I can feel that knife goin in. You can almost reach out and touch the tension here. The entire Jury have practically begged Juror 3 to change his vote and spare the boy his life but he seems unwilling to oblige at this critical moment. The atmosphere in the room is anger as much as disappointment. Yet, Rose has not described this at all. The mere build up of tension in the pages before have provided the reader with enough information to gather the circumstances and feelings inside the room at this very moment. Juror 8, knowing that this would be his last plea, says: Its not your boy. Hes somebody elses before Juror 4, who had been on Juror 3s side for practically the entire case, delivers the most potent line of the entire play: Let him live. As the stage directions describe, theres a long pause before Juror 3 finally reveals that he has changed his mind. Out of choice or because of the mounting opposition he faced inside the room we will never know, but Juror 3 says weeping: All right. Not guilty. The huge ball of tensions almost swirling above the jurors suddenly diffuses. The case is over. The audience as well as the jurors breathe a sigh of relief. The rollercoaster ride which Reginald Rose has taken 12 men and one boy on slams to a dramatic halt. So as you can see, Reginald Rose uses multiple dramatic techniques to establish and maintain a sense of tension which makes 12 Angry Men the fantastic thriller that it is.